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The antibiotic resistance pattern of all resistance isolates in our present study is described in Table 5 and the clinical profile of all resistant isolates are presented in Table 6.
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But in our study, 75% ( n = 24) had drug-resistance hvKP, out of whom 53.1% ( n = 17) were XDR, 9.4% ( n = 3) were ESBL producing type, 6.3% ( n = 2) was pan resistance, 3.1% ( n = 1) was MDR and 1 was colonizer. pneumoniae, whereas the prevalence of antibiotic resistance in hvKP isolates is rare. The high prevalence of antibiotic resistance is more common in conventional K. However, in our study we found more HAI infections than CAI. pneumoniae, hvKP can cause serious CAI even in healthy individuals. pneumoniae strains are hypervirulent, but not hypermucoviscous. But the antibiotic resistance of hvKP is mainly due to the hypermucoviscous, it is typically produced by the bacteria by overproduction of polysaccharide capsule. pneumoniae strains is associated mainly with the production of ESBL and it was included in the most dangerous superbugs. According to the WHO report, the antibiotic resistance of K. The non-effectiveness of the therapy for nosocomial infections and sepsis is mainly due to antibiotic resistance. String test showing the length of string >5 mm in hypermucoviscoid klebsiella The string test is positive when a viscous string >5 mm in length is formed by stretching bacterial colonies on an agar plate.
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A simple “string test” can be used to determine the hypermucoviscosity of the phenotype. HvKP infections are associated with a higher mortality rate, in our study, we found that the attributable mortality to hvKP infection was 56.2%, which is higher than the previous reports ranging from 3% to 42% and this can be one of the indicators for independent predictor of mortality. In our study, we observed that CAI was 32% and HAI was 68%, which is an alarming message that the rate of HAI is increasing with this variant. pneumoniae, which are generally nosocomial infections in patients with immunosuppression. Half of the patients with hvKP infections are young or do not have co-morbidities, most hvKP infections are CAI which is unusual in K. This study was designed to look at the type and characteristics of the infections. So far, fewer cases were reported from the community. This pathogen causes life-threatening infections in both healthy and immunocompromised patients. pneumoniae, newly emerged and clinically significant. In this study, we have evaluated the incidence of hvKP isolates in community acquired and nosocomial infections, risk factors for hvKP infections, antibiotic sensitivity pattern and clinical outcome of patients including morbidity and mortality. However, antibiotic-resistant hvKP isolates are increasingly being reported across the world. In Asia, hvKP is the most common cause of pyogenic liver abscesses.
The hvKP infections are most commonly community acquired infections (CAIs). In a single observational study from India, the incidence of hvKP strains among Klebsiella isolates was more than 80% which were predominantly multidrug resistant (MDR). The literature is limited and sparse regarding to the incidence, risk factors and attributable mortality to the hvKP strain. This hvKP strain is supposed to be more virulent and unique in causing metastatic infections in younger healthy population, however, the hvKP strain can be detected with simple string test. In mid 1980s a new strain of Klebsiella called Hypermucoviscoid Klebsiella (hvKP) strain was detected in patients with pyogenic liver abscess. Klebsiella infections are important cause for hospital acquired infections (HAIs), constituting 3%–42% of nosocomial infections with an attributable mortality risk of 20%–67% to Klebsiella. pneumoniae) bacterium was isolated by Carl Friedlander from the lungs of patients who had died from pneumonia in 1882. Klebsiella species cause wide range of infections which includes pneumonia, urinary tract infections, blood stream infections and sepsis.